Pillow 绘图中文乱码 终极解决方案

问题原因：Pillow 默认字体不支持中文，导致 □ 或乱码

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1. 快速解决方案（推荐）

方法一：使用系统中文字体（最简单）

from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont

# Windows 系统字体路径
font_path = "C:/Windows/Fonts/simhei.ttf"  # 黑体
# font_path = "C:/Windows/Fonts/msyh.ttc"   # 微软雅黑

# macOS 系统字体路径
# font_path = "/System/Library/Fonts/PingFang.ttc"

# Linux 系统字体路径  
# font_path = "/usr/share/fonts/truetype/wqy/wqy-zenhei.ttc"

img = Image.new('RGB', (400, 200), color='white')
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img)

# 加载中文字体
font = ImageFont.truetype(font_path, 36)

# 绘制中文
draw.text((20, 80), "你好，世界！Pillow中文无乱码", font=font, fill='red')

img.save("chinese_ok.jpg")
img.show()

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2. 跨平台自动字体检测（推荐使用）

from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont
import os
import platform

def get_chinese_font(size=32):
    """自动获取系统中文字体"""
    system = platform.system()

    font_paths = {
        'Windows': [
            "C:/Windows/Fonts/simhei.ttf",    # 黑体
            "C:/Windows/Fonts/msyh.ttc",      # 微软雅黑
            "C:/Windows/Fonts/simkai.ttf",    # 楷体
        ],
        'Darwin': [  # macOS
            "/System/Library/Fonts/PingFang.ttc",
            "/System/Library/Fonts/STHeiti Light.ttc",
            "/Library/Fonts/Arial Unicode.ttf",
        ],
        'Linux': [
            "/usr/share/fonts/truetype/wqy/wqy-zenhei.ttc",
            "/usr/share/fonts/opentype/wqy/WenQuanYiZenHei.otf",
            "/usr/share/fonts/wqy-zenhei/wqy-zenhei.ttc",
        ]
    }

    for font_path in font_paths.get(system, []):
        if os.path.exists(font_path):
            return ImageFont.truetype(font_path, size)

    # 默认字体（无中文）
    return ImageFont.load_default()

# 使用
img = Image.new('RGB', (500, 300), 'white')
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img)
font = get_chinese_font(40)

texts = ["Pillow中文测试", "黑体效果很好", "你好世界！😊"]
for i, text in enumerate(texts):
    draw.text((20, 50 + i*60), text, font=font, fill='blue')

img.save("auto_font.jpg")

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3. 一键下载免费中文字体

import requests
import os
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont

def download_chinese_font():
    """下载开源中文字体"""
    font_url = "https://github.com/googlefonts/noto-fonts/raw/main/hinted/ttf/NotoSansSC/NotoSansSC-Regular.ttf"
    font_path = "NotoSansSC-Regular.ttf"

    if not os.path.exists(font_path):
        print("正在下载中文字体...")
        response = requests.get(font_url)
        with open(font_path, 'wb') as f:
            f.write(response.content)
        print("字体下载完成！")

    return font_path

# 使用
font_path = download_chinese_font()
font = ImageFont.truetype(font_path, 36)

img = Image.new('RGB', (600, 400), 'white')
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img)
draw.text((50, 150), "谷歌思源黑体\n完美支持中文！", font=font, fill=(255, 0, 0))
img.save("google_font.jpg")

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4. 完整水印工具（支持中文）

from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont
import os

class ChineseWatermark:
    def __init__(self):
        self.font = self._get_font(40)

    def _get_font(self, size):
        """智能字体选择"""
        font_paths = [
            "NotoSansSC-Regular.ttf",      # 自下载
            "C:/Windows/Fonts/simhei.ttf", # Windows
            "/System/Library/Fonts/PingFang.ttc",  # macOS
        ]
        for path in font_paths:
            if os.path.exists(path):
                return ImageFont.truetype(path, size)
        return ImageFont.load_default()

    def add_text(self, img_path, output_path, text="© 2025", position="bottom-right"):
        img = Image.open(img_path).convert("RGBA")
        draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img)

        # 计算文字位置
        bbox = draw.textbbox((0, 0), text, font=self.font)
        text_width = bbox[2] - bbox[0]
        text_height = bbox[3] - bbox[1]

        w, h = img.size
        if position == "bottom-right":
            x, y = w - text_width - 20, h - text_height - 20
        elif position == "center":
            x, y = (w - text_width) // 2, (h - text_height) // 2

        # 半透明文字
        draw.text((x, y), text, font=self.font, fill=(255, 255, 255, 180))

        # 保存为透明PNG
        img.convert("RGB").save(output_path)
        print(f"水印添加完成: {output_path}")

# 使用
wm = ChineseWatermark()
wm.add_text("photo.jpg", "watermarked.jpg", "摄影/张三 2025", "bottom-right")

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5. 常见字体文件路径对照表

系统	字体名称	文件路径
Windows	黑体	C:/Windows/Fonts/simhei.ttf
	微软雅黑	C:/Windows/Fonts/msyh.ttc
	楷体	C:/Windows/Fonts/simkai.ttf
macOS	苹方	/System/Library/Fonts/PingFang.ttc
	黑体	/System/Library/Fonts/STHeiti Light.ttc
Linux	文泉驿	/usr/share/fonts/truetype/wqy/wqy-zenhei.ttc
通用	思源黑体	下载 NotoSansSC-Regular.ttf

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6. 调试工具：测试所有系统字体

from PIL import ImageFont
import os

def test_all_fonts():
    """测试系统所有可用的字体"""
    test_text = "中文字体测试"

    # Windows 字体目录
    font_dirs = [
        "C:/Windows/Fonts",
        "/System/Library/Fonts",
        "/usr/share/fonts"
    ]

    for font_dir in font_dirs:
        if os.path.exists(font_dir):
            for font_file in os.listdir(font_dir):
                if font_file.endswith(('.ttf', '.ttc', '.otf')):
                    try:
                        font_path = os.path.join(font_dir, font_file)
                        font = ImageFont.truetype(font_path, 24)
                        # 这里可以添加实际测试代码
                        print(f"✓ {font_file}")
                    except:
                        pass

test_all_fonts()

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7. 一行解决（终极懒人法）

from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont
font = ImageFont.truetype("C:/Windows/Fonts/simhei.ttf", 36)  # Windows
# font = ImageFont.truetype("/System/Library/Fonts/PingFang.ttc", 36)  # macOS

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🚀 立即可用完整代码

from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont
import platform

# 自动选择字体
system = platform.system()
if system == "Windows":
    font = ImageFont.truetype("simhei.ttf", 48)
elif system == "Darwin":
    font = ImageFont.truetype("/System/Library/Fonts/PingFang.ttc", 48)
else:
    font = ImageFont.truetype("NotoSansSC-Regular.ttf", 48)

# 创建图片
img = Image.new('RGB', (800, 600), 'lightblue')
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img)

# 中文标题
draw.text((100, 200), "🎉 Pillow中文完美解决！", font=font, fill='darkred')
draw.text((100, 300), "黑体 微软雅黑 苹方", font=font, fill='navy')

img.save("中文成功.png")
img.show()

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总结：优先使用系统字体路径，路径不对就下载思源黑体，乱码问题 100% 解决！

需要我帮你写 批量加中文水印工具 或 字体管理器 吗？